宋 Song · 词 Ci lyric
莺啼序
The Sequence of the Oriole's Song
残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户。
燕来晚、飞入西城，似说春事迟暮。
画船载、清明过却，晴烟冉冉吴宫树。
念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮。
十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾。
溯红渐、招入仙溪，锦儿偷寄幽素。
倚银屏、春宽梦窄，断红湿、歌纨金缕。
暝堤空，轻把斜阳，总还鸥鹭。
幽兰旋老，杜若还生，水乡尚寄旅。
别后访、六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨。
长波妒盼，遥山羞黛，渔灯分影春江宿，记当时、短楫桃根渡。
青楼彷佛，临分败壁题诗，泪墨惨澹尘土。
危亭望极，草色天涯，吹鬓侵半苎。
暗点检、离痕欢唾，尚染鲛绡，亸凤迷归，破鸾慵舞。
殷勤待写，书中长恨，蓝霞辽海沈过雁，漫相思、弹入哀筝柱。
伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否。
Closing the sandalwood-scented embroidered door.
The swallows, coming late, flying into the western city,
Seeming to say, the spring matters, late and belated.
The painted boat, carrying, the clear and the bright, passed,
The clear mist, rising and rising, the trees of the Wu palace.
Thinking the wandering feeling, roaming,
With the wind, turned into the light catkins.
The ten years of the West Lake,
By the willows, tying the horses,
Availing of the charming dust, the soft mist.
Tracing the red, gradually, calling into the immortal brook,
The Jin girl, secretly, sending the hidden plain words.
Leaning the silver screen, the spring wide, the dream narrow,
The broken red, wet, the song silk, the gold thread.
The dark dyke, empty,
Lightly, the slanting sun,
Always, returned to the gulls and the herons.
The hidden orchids, soon, grown old,
The ramie plants, still, born,
The watery home, still, lodging the traveler.
After the parting, visiting, the six bridges, without the news,
The matters past, the flowers, fallen,
Burying the jade, hiding the fragrance,
How many times, the wind and the rain.
The long waves, envying the pupils,
The far mountains, shaming the brows,
The fishing lanterns, dividing the shadows, the spring river, lodging,
Remembering that time, the short oars, the Taogen ferry.
The green mansion, as if,
At the parting, the broken wall, inscribing the poem,
The tears of the ink, miserable, the dust.
The perilous pavilion, looking to the utmost,
The grass colors, the horizon of the sky,
The blowing of the sideburns, invading, half the ramie.
Secretly, checking, the traces of the parting, the traces of the joy,
Still, staining the gauze,
The drooping phoenix, losing the way,
The broken mirror, lazily, dancing.
Attentively, waiting to write, the long grief of the letter,
The blue clouds, the far sea, the passing geese, sunk,
In vain, the mutual longing, played into the mournful zither pillars.
The broken heart, the thousand li of the south of the river,
The mournful tune, calling again,
The broken soul, in, or not.
Meaning
A lyric of the wandering and the grief, written by Wu Wenying. The remaining cold bullying the sickly wine with the closing of the embroidered door, the swallows saying the spring late, and the painted boat with the clear mist of the Wu palace — the spring of the opening. The ten years of the West Lake with the tying of the horses and the tracing of the red into the immortal brook, the leaning of the silver screen with the dream narrow, and the dark dyke with the gulls and the herons — the wandering and the scenes. The hidden orchids grown old with the watery home lodging, the matters past with the flowers fallen burying the jade, and the remembering of the short oars of the Taogen ferry — the past and the memory. The perilous pavilion looking to the utmost with the traces of the parting staining the gauze, and the close's broken heart of the thousand li with the mournful tune calling the broken soul — the grief of the close. The lyric is the wandering and the grief: the spring of the West Lake, the memory of the past, and the close's broken heart of the south of the river.
残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户。燕来晚、飞入西城，似说春事迟暮。画船载、清明过却，晴烟冉冉吴宫树。念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮。十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾。溯红渐、招入仙溪，锦儿偷寄幽素。倚银屏、春宽梦窄，断红湿、歌纨金缕。暝堤空，轻把斜阳，总还鸥鹭。幽兰旋老，杜若还生，水乡尚寄旅。别后访、六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨。长波妒盼，遥山羞黛，渔灯分影春江宿，记当时、短楫桃根渡。青楼彷佛，临分败壁题诗，泪墨惨澹尘土。危亭望极，草色天涯，吹鬓侵半苎。暗点检、离痕欢唾，尚染鲛绡，亸凤迷归，破鸾慵舞。殷勤待写，书中长恨，蓝霞辽海沈过雁，漫相思、弹入哀筝柱。伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否。
Appreciation
[Plain Paraphrase] The remaining cold, just, bullying the sickly wine, closing the sandalwood-scented embroidered door. The swallows, coming late, flying into the western city, seeming to say, the spring matters, late and belated. The painted boat, carrying, the clear and the bright, passed, the clear mist, rising and rising, the trees of the Wu palace. Thinking the wandering feeling, roaming, with the wind, turned into the light catkins. The ten years of the West Lake, by the willows, tying the horses, availing of the charming dust, the soft mist. Tracing the red, gradually, calling into the immortal brook, the Jin girl, secretly, sending the hidden plain words. Leaning the silver screen, the spring wide, the dream narrow, the broken red, wet, the song silk, the gold thread. The dark dyke, empty, lightly, the slanting sun, always, returned to the gulls and the herons. The hidden orchids, soon, grown old, the ramie plants, still, born, the watery home, still, lodging the traveler. After the parting, visiting, the six bridges, without the news, the matters past, the flowers, fallen, burying the jade, hiding the fragrance, how many times, the wind and the rain. The long waves, envying the pupils, the far mountains, shaming the brows, the fishing lanterns, dividing the shadows, the spring river, lodging, remembering that time, the short oars, the Taogen ferry. The green mansion, as if, at the parting, the broken wall, inscribing the poem, the tears of the ink, miserable, the dust. The perilous pavilion, looking to the utmost, the grass colors, the horizon of the sky, the blowing of the sideburns, invading, half the ramie. Secretly, checking, the traces of the parting, the traces of the joy, still, staining the gauze, the drooping phoenix, losing the way, the broken mirror, lazily, dancing. Attentively, waiting to write, the long grief of the letter, the blue clouds, the far sea, the passing geese, sunk, in vain, the mutual longing, played into the mournful zither pillars. The broken heart, the thousand li of the south of the river, the mournful tune, calling again, the broken soul, in, or not. [Structure and Thought] The lyric moves from the spring of the opening and the wandering of the West Lake, through the past and the memory of the Taogen ferry, and the perilous pavilion with the traces staining the gauze, to the close's broken heart of the thousand li calling the broken soul. [Key Technique] The lyric's art is the grief of the layers: the wandering and the memory of the layers, and the close's mournful tune calling the broken soul — the grief gathered in the layers and the close's calling. [Emotional Tone] Deep, mournful, and intricate: the lyric is the wandering, the memory and the close's broken heart.
【白话串讲】 吴文英写《莺啼序》：“残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户”——“燕来晚、飞入西城，似说春事迟暮”——“画船载、清明过却，晴烟冉冉吴宫树”——“十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾”——他写西湖旧情——十载西湖。 【意象与手法】 “残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户”写病酒残寒；“燕来晚、飞入西城，似说春事迟暮”写春事迟暮；“画船载、清明过却，晴烟冉冉吴宫树”写清明画船；“十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾”忆十载西湖；结以“伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否”写断魂在否。长调铺叙、含蓄深婉。 【情感与主旨】 吴文英写感怀伤春之作，以长调铺叙西湖旧情与别后断魂之忆，是梦窗词中最具代表性的长调名篇。 【名句点睛】 常考“十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾”忆西湖旧游；“伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否”以怨曲重招写断魂。
Background
Wu Wenying (c. 1200–1260), the master of the intricate ci of the Southern Song, wrote this 'The Sequence of the Oriole's Song' of the wandering and the grief — the longest of the ci. The spring of the West Lake with the wandering feeling turned into the catkins, the memory of the past with the Taogen ferry, and the close's broken heart of the south of the river with the mournful tune calling the broken soul — the lyric gathers the grief of the wandering, the intricate memory of the master. The lyric is one of the most famous works of the master, the longest ci of the Song.
《莺啼序》为南宋词人吴文英所作词。吴文英（约1200—约1260），字君特，号梦窗，四明（今浙江宁波）人，南宋词人。此词写感怀伤春，为咏怀伤逝之作。词中「残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户」写残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户；「燕来晚、飞入西城，似说春事迟暮」写燕来晚飞入西城，似说春事迟暮；「念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮」写念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮；「别后访、六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨」写别后访六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨；「伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否」写伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否。吴文英此词以感怀伤春、断魂在否写其伤逝之情，含蓄深婉，是吴文英词中的名篇。此篇《莺啼序》在历代选本中多被收录，其艺术价值与流传之广，正可见此诗在同类题材中的重要地位。诗人以匠心独运之笔写寻常之情事，遂使此作历千载而犹有生气，为后人所称赏不绝。
Art
The lyric's art is the art of the grief of the layers. The spring opens: the remaining cold, just, bullying the sickly wine — the remaining cold of the spring; closing the sandalwood-scented embroidered door — the closing of the door; the swallows, coming late, flying into the western city — seeming to say, the spring matters, late and belated — the late spring; the painted boat, carrying, the clear and the bright, passed — the clear mist, rising and rising, the trees of the Wu palace — the trees of the Wu palace. The wandering follows: thinking the wandering feeling, roaming — with the wind, turned into the light catkins — the catkins of the wandering; the ten years of the West Lake — by the willows, tying the horses — availing of the charming dust, the soft mist — the West Lake of the ten years; tracing the red, gradually, calling into the immortal brook — the Jin girl, secretly, sending the hidden plain words — the tracing of the red; leaning the silver screen, the spring wide, the dream narrow — the broken red, wet, the song silk, the gold thread — the dream narrow; the dark dyke, empty — lightly, the slanting sun — always, returned to the gulls and the herons — the gulls of the dyke. The memory: the hidden orchids, soon, grown old — the ramie plants, still, born — the watery home, still, lodging the traveler — the lodging of the traveler; after the parting, visiting, the six bridges, without the news — the matters past, the flowers, fallen — burying the jade, hiding the fragrance — how many times, the wind and the rain — the flowers fallen; the long waves, envying the pupils — the far mountains, shaming the brows — the fishing lanterns, dividing the shadows, the spring river, lodging — remembering that time, the short oars, the Taogen ferry — the Taogen ferry of the past; the green mansion, as if — at the parting, the broken wall, inscribing the poem — the tears of the ink, miserable, the dust — the broken wall of the poem. And the close gathers the grief: the perilous pavilion, looking to the utmost — the grass colors, the horizon of the sky — the blowing of the sideburns, invading, half the ramie — the looking of the pavilion; secretly, checking, the traces of the parting, the traces of the joy — still, staining the gauze — the drooping phoenix, losing the way — the broken mirror, lazily, dancing — the traces staining; attentively, waiting to write, the long grief of the letter — the blue clouds, the far sea, the passing geese, sunk — in vain, the mutual longing, played into the mournful zither pillars — the mournful zither; the broken heart, the thousand li of the south of the river — the mournful tune, calling again — the broken soul, in, or not — the broken soul of the close — the spring, the wandering and the close's broken soul, gathered in the lyric.
此词艺术上以「含蓄深婉、以四段写情」见长。全词共四段，由残寒正欺病酒而念羁情游荡而别后访六桥无信。起「残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户」写残寒正欺病酒：残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户；「念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮」写念羁情游荡：念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮；「别后访、六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨」写别后访六桥无信：别后访六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨；结「伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否」写断魂在否：伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否。全词以四段写情，由残寒正欺病酒而断魂在否，含蓄深婉，是吴文英词中的名篇。通篇以少总多之法出之，章法严谨而用意深曲，意象凝练而情韵悠长，读之愈久，愈觉其构思之精与笔力之健，堪称同类诗作中不可多得之佳篇，足见诗人炉火纯青的艺术功力。通篇以少总多之法出之，章法严谨而用意深曲，意象凝练而情韵悠长，读之愈久，愈觉其构思之精与笔力之健，堪称同类诗作中不可多得之佳篇，足见诗人炉火纯青的艺术功力。
Allusions
'The Wu palace' (Wu gong) is the Wu palace — the palace of the Wu, the trees of the mist; 'the immortal brook' (xian xi) is the immortal brook — the brook of the immortals, the tracing of the red; 'the Taogen ferry' (Taogen du) is the Taogen ferry — the ferry of the Taogen, the past of the oars; 'the green mansion' (qing lou) is the green mansion — the mansion of the courtesans, the poem of the parting; 'the broken mirror' (po luan) is the broken mirror — the mirror of the phoenix, the broken of the dance.
词中「残寒正欺病酒掩沈香绣户」「燕来晚飞入西城似说春事迟暮」「念羁情游荡随风化为轻絮」「十载西湖傍柳系马趁娇尘软雾」「溯红渐招入仙溪锦儿偷寄幽素」「倚银屏春宽梦窄断红湿歌纨金缕」「暝堤空轻把斜阳总还鸥鹭」「幽兰旋老杜若还生水乡尚寄旅」「别后访六桥无信事往花委瘗玉埋香几番风雨」「长波妒盼遥山羞黛渔灯分影春江宿记当时短楫桃根渡」「青楼彷佛临分败壁题诗泪墨惨澹尘土」「危亭望极草色天涯吹鬓侵半苎」「暗点检离痕欢唾尚染鲛绡亸凤迷归破鸾慵舞」「殷勤待写书中长恨蓝霞辽海沈过雁漫相思弹入哀筝柱」「伤心千里江南怨曲重招断魂在否」等语，皆含典故故实。「十载西湖傍柳系马趁娇尘软雾」写十载西湖傍柳系马趁娇尘软雾；「溯红渐招入仙溪锦儿偷寄幽素」用仙溪之典，写溯红渐招入仙溪锦儿偷寄幽素；「长波妒盼遥山羞黛渔灯分影春江宿记当时短楫桃根渡」用桃根渡之典（桃根为桃叶之妹），写长波妒盼遥山羞黛渔灯分影春江宿记当时短楫桃根渡；「伤心千里江南怨曲重招断魂在否」用招魂之典，写伤心千里江南怨曲重招断魂在否。词人以仙溪、桃根、招魂等典入词，不着痕迹，而把感怀伤春之情写得真切可感，是善于熔铸典故的体现。
Commentary
This lyric is one of the most famous works of Wu Wenying, quoted for the intricacy of its layers and the grief of its close. The wandering of the ten years of the West Lake, and the calling of the broken soul, are among the admired passages of the master's lyrics. Critics praise the lyric's depth: the grief gathered in the layers, to the close's broken soul.
这首《莺啼序》，是吴文英写感怀伤春之作，写残寒正欺病酒、念羁情游荡、别后访六桥无信、断魂在否之情，含蓄深婉。起「残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户」——残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户。写残寒正欺病酒：残寒正欺病酒、掩沈香绣户——残寒欺病酒、掩沈香绣户；「燕来晚、飞入西城，似说春事迟暮」——燕来晚飞入西城，似说春事迟暮。写燕来晚飞入西城：燕来晚飞入西城、似说春事迟暮——燕来晚飞入西城、春事迟暮；「念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮」——念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮。写念羁情游荡：念羁情游荡、随风化为轻絮——羁情游荡、化为轻絮；「十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾」——十载西湖，傍柳系马，趁娇尘软雾。写十载西湖：十载西湖、傍柳系马、趁娇尘软雾——西湖十载、傍柳系马、娇尘软雾；「别后访、六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨」——别后访六桥无信，事往花委，瘗玉埋香，几番风雨。写别后访六桥无信：别后访六桥无信、事往花委、瘗玉埋香、几番风雨——访六桥无信、事往花委、瘗玉埋香、几番风雨；结「伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否」——伤心千里江南，怨曲重招（用招魂之典），断魂在否。写断魂在否：伤心千里江南、怨曲重招、断魂在否——千里江南、怨曲重招、断魂在否。这「伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否」，是全词之结：以断魂在否写其伤逝。全词含蓄深婉，以四段写情，正是吴文英词中的名篇。
Prosody
Line by line
残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户。
The remaining cold, just, bullying the sickly wine, closing the sandalwood-scented embroidered door.
残寒正欺病酒，掩沈香绣户。
The lingering cold now bullies the wine-sick me; I close the aloe-scented embroidered door.
首句写残寒正欺病酒，起笔即见其情。「残寒正欺病酒」写残寒正欺病酒，「残寒正欺」写残寒正欺、「病酒」写病酒；「掩沈香绣户」写掩沈香绣户，「掩沈香」写掩沈香、「绣户」写绣户。两句一写残寒正欺病酒、一写掩沈香绣户，以残寒正欺病酒写残寒欺酒、以掩沈香绣户写掩沈香户，写尽残寒正欺病酒、掩沈香绣户之情。以寒起兴，含蓄而深婉，是「以寒起兴」的妙笔。
The opening line writes the lingering-cold's bullying-the-wine-sick, the first stroke at once seeing the feeling. The lingering-cold-now-bullies-the-wine-sick writing the cold's bullying and the wine-sickness; I-close-the-aloe-scented-embroidered-door writing the aloe-close and the embroidered door. Two lines one writing the cold's bullying and one the door's closing, using the cold's wine-bullying for the chill's attack, and the aloe-embroidered-door for the closed door, exhausting the cold's bullying and the closed door. Using the cold's uprising, reserved and deep-gentle, the cold-uprising wondrous brush.
念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮。
Think of the traveler's heart, drifting and wandering, turning with the wind into light catkins.
念羁情游荡，随风化为轻絮。
Think of the traveler's heart, drifting with the wind, turned to light catkins.
此句写念羁情游荡，是全词写羁情之态的关键。「念羁情游荡」写念羁情游荡，「念羁情」写念羁情、「游荡」写游荡；「随风化为轻絮」写随风化为轻絮，「随风」写随风、「化为轻絮」写化为轻絮。两句一写念羁情游荡、一写随风化为轻絮，以念羁情游荡写羁情游荡、以随风化为轻絮写化为轻絮，写尽念羁情游荡、随风化为轻絮之情。以絮写情，含蓄而深婉，是「以絮写情」的点睛之笔。
This line writes the traveler's-heart's drifting, the whole ci's guest-feeling-pose key. The think-of-the-traveler's-heart-drifting writing the guest-feeling and the wandering; turning-with-the-wind-into-light-catkins writing the wind and the catkin's transformation. Two lines one writing the drifting guest-feeling and one the wind-turned-catkins, using the drifting for the wandering and the catkin-transformation for the light floss, exhausting the drifting and the wind-turned catkins. Using the catkin for the feeling-writing, reserved and deep-gentle, the catkin-writes-feeling telling stroke.
长波妒盼，遥山羞黛，渔灯分影春江宿，记当时、短楫桃根渡。
The long waves envy her glances, the far hills blush for her brows; fishing lamps share their light as we lodge on the spring river — I remember that time, the short oar at the Taoye ferry.
长波妒盼，遥山羞黛，渔灯分影春江宿，记当时、短楫桃根渡。
Long waves envy her gaze, far hills shame her brows; fishing lamps share their light on the spring river's lodging — I remember that time, the short oar at the Taogen ferry.
此句写长波妒盼，是全词以典写情的关键。「长波妒盼」写长波妒盼，「长波」写长波、「妒盼」写妒盼；「遥山羞黛」写遥山羞黛，「遥山」写遥山、「羞黛」写羞黛；「渔灯分影春江宿，记当时、短楫桃根渡」用桃根渡之典写渔灯分影春江宿记当时短楫桃根渡，「渔灯分影春江宿」写渔灯分影春江宿、「记当时短楫桃根渡」写记当时短楫桃根渡。四句一写长波妒盼、一写遥山羞黛、一写渔灯分影春江宿、一写记当时短楫桃根渡，以长波妒盼写波妒盼、以遥山羞黛写山羞黛、以渔灯分影春江宿写渔灯分影、以记当时短楫桃根渡写桃根渡，写尽长波妒盼、遥山羞黛、渔灯分影春江宿、记当时短楫桃根渡之情。以典写情，含蓄而深婉，是「以典写情」的点睛之笔。
This line writes the long-waves'-envious-gaze, the whole ci's allusion-writes-feeling key. The long-waves-envy-her-glances writing the long waves and the envious gaze; the far-hills-shame-her-brows writing the distant hills and the blushing brows; fishing-lamps-share-their-light-on-the-spring-river's-lodging-I-remember-that-time-the-short-oar-at-the-Taogen-ferry using the Taogen-ferry allusion. Four lines one writing the waves' envy, one the hills' shame, one the fishing lamps' spring-river lodging, one the Taogen ferry, using the waves' envy for the waves' jealousy, the hills' shame for the hills' blushing, the fishing-lamps' sharing for the lamp's reflection, and the Taogen ferry for the ferry memory, exhausting the wave-envy, hill-shame, lamp-sharing, and ferry. Using the allusion for the feeling-writing, reserved and deep-gentle, the allusion-writes-feeling telling stroke.
伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否。
The broken heart, the thousand li of the south of the river, the mournful tune, calling again, the broken soul, in, or not.
伤心千里江南，怨曲重招，断魂在否。
Heartbroken across a thousand li of Jiangnan; the grieving song calls again — is the broken soul still there?
结句写伤心千里江南，是全词立意的落点。「伤心千里江南」写伤心千里江南，「伤心」写伤心、「千里江南」写千里江南；「怨曲重招」用招魂之典写怨曲重招，「怨曲」写怨曲、「重招」写重招；「断魂在否」写断魂在否，「断魂」写断魂、「在否」写在否。三句一写伤心千里江南、一写怨曲重招、一写断魂在否，以伤心千里江南写千里江南、以怨曲重招写怨曲重招、以断魂在否写断魂在否，写尽伤心千里江南、怨曲重招、断魂在否之情。以问写情，含蓄而深婉，是全词最动人处，也是「以问写情」的点睛之笔。
The closing line writes the heartbroken-a-thousand-li-Jiangnan, the whole ci's intention landing. The heartbroken-across-a-thousand-li-of-Jiangnan writing the heartbreak and the far south; the grieving-song-calls-again using the soul-recall allusion; is-the-broken-soul-still-there writing the broken soul's presence. Three lines one writing the far south's heartbreak, one the grieving song's recall, one the broken soul's question, using the far-Jiangnan for the distance, the grieving-song-recall for the repeated calling, and the broken-soul's-presence for the question, exhausting the heartbreak and the recall and the question. Using the question for the feeling-writing, reserved and deep-gentle, the whole ci's most moving place, the question-writes-feeling telling stroke.
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